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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
长白林海的电力巡线人：在极寒中“走出”一条安全线******
(新春走基层)长白林海的电力巡线人：在极寒中“走出”一条安全线
中新网吉林2月3日电 (石洪宇 孙晓晨)山路被半米深的积雪覆盖。一大早，沈铁吉林供电段泉阳电力工区工长邹伟华便带着徒弟王鹏进了大山。这一天，他们要在雪中跋涉14公里，完成供电设备的巡检任务。
踩着齐膝深的积雪，邹伟华叮嘱王鹏：“降雪后必须巡检，雪越大越得进山。”在长白山林海深处，穿着黄色马甲的二人组非常显眼。
42岁的邹伟华在电力线路工岗位上工作了22年。他所在的泉阳电力工区守护的浑白线是长白山脚下唯一一条铁路线，是长白山地区居民乘车进出大山的主要线路，也是泉阳泉、长白山天泉、农夫山泉等多个矿泉水厂物资运输的“大动脉”。
山路崎岖，却不能轻装上阵。邹伟华的背包里不光有钳形表、脚扣子等检修工具，还有一把铁锹，遇到雪深处他们要一锹一锹掘出道路。看着气喘吁吁的徒弟王鹏，邹伟华拍拍他的背：“雪里走路不能歇，一歇脚就冻得受不了。”
邹伟华(右一)带领同事巡线 吉林供电段供图这对师徒一年要走七百多公里，相当于从北京走到沈阳。他们每个季度都要对线路内的电杆、变压器、配电箱等供电设备进行巡视。
邹伟华说，林海中的电力线路沿线地形复杂，无法使用机动车巡检，只能徒步完成。相比其他季节，冬天是最艰难的。冰天雪地里，他们要细致检查每一处电杆，生怕错过隐患。
走到一处电杆，邹伟华发现横担扭曲变形，他拿着望远镜反复确认。“应该是大雪把树枝压弯了，先记录一下，回头申请一个‘天窗时间’进行维修。”邹伟华对王鹏说。
邹伟华厚厚的本子上记录着哪一处设备易发生故障，哪一段路要怎么走。工区职工们认为，这就是整个班组的检修“小红书”。
王鹏是个“90后”，已经跟着邹伟华处理过不少故障。即便工作环境艰苦，他也干劲十足。看着损坏的横担，王鹏主动请缨，“‘天窗’下来了我上去换吧。”
邹伟华再次叮嘱：“冬天电杆上有薄霜不好爬，一定要注意安全。”听到师傅一口答应，王鹏很高兴。
长白林海冬季昼短夜长，早出晚归、披星戴月已经成了邹伟华的日常。为了不耽误巡检，他把干粮带在身上，由于温度太低，干粮很快被冻凉。在背风的树后，师徒解决了午餐。
静谧的午后山林中，二人踩着积雪继续前行。今年的春运仍在进行，邹伟华和同事们的工作仍然很繁重。(完)
（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎） [责编：天天中] 阅读剩余全文（）  视觉焦点
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